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Diagnosis and management of primary hyperaldosteronism in cats

PRIMARY hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) is characterised by excessive autonomous secretion of aldosterone from one or both adrenal glands, resulting in clinical signs relating to hypertension and/or hypokalaemia. This disease was once considered uncommon in cats. However, several case reports and case series have recently been published, suggesting an increase in the frequency of diagnosis. This probably reflects heightened awareness of the disease together with more widespread availability of blood pressure measurement and ultrasound facilities. This article draws on experience to date to review the diagnosis and management of primary hyperaldosteronism. The disease should be considered an important differential diagnosis for both hypokalaemia and hypertension in cats.

Robert Shiel graduated from University College Dublin (UCD) in 1999. After four years in small animal practice in the UK, he returned to UCD to commence a residency in small animal medicine. He is currently studying for an MSc degree in veterinary medicine.

Carmel Mooney graduated from UCD in 1986. In 1998, she was awarded the Diploma of the European College of Internal Medicine (Companion Animal) and gained RCVS specialist status in small animal medicine (endocrinology). She is currently clinical director of the University Veterinary Hospital at UCD.